环境准备

MYSQL安装

安装准备

配置hosts

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
10.211.55.122  mgr-1
10.211.55.123  mgr-2
10.211.55.124  mgr-3
EOF

准备软件包mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
我这里统一放在/opt/目录下,下面就是我们所需要的文件

[root@mysql-mgr-1 opt]# ls mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 -lh
total 268K
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4.0K Jul  4 11:00 bin
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    73 Jul  4 11:00 docs
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4.0K Jul  4 11:00 include
drwxr-xr-x  5 root root   230 Jul  4 11:00 lib
-rw-r--r--  1 7161 31415 250K Dec  8  2022 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root    30 Jul  4 11:00 man
-rw-r--r--  1 7161 31415  566 Dec  8  2022 README
drwxr-xr-x 28 root root  4.0K Jul  4 11:00 share
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    90 Jul  4 11:00 support-files

把文件放到/usr/local/mysql目录下

[root@mysql-mgr-1 opt]# mv mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-mgr-1 opt]# ll -h /usr/local/mysql/
total 268K
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4.0K Jul  4 11:00 bin
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    73 Jul  4 11:00 docs
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4.0K Jul  4 11:00 include
drwxr-xr-x  5 root root   230 Jul  4 11:00 lib
-rw-r--r--  1 7161 31415 250K Dec  8  2022 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root    30 Jul  4 11:00 man
-rw-r--r--  1 7161 31415  566 Dec  8  2022 README
drwxr-xr-x 28 root root  4.0K Jul  4 11:00 share
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    90 Jul  4 11:00 support-files

创建数据库运行用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
id mysql
uid=1000(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) groups=1000(mysql)

配置PATH

echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
. /etc/profile
echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/my*  /usr/bin

数据库目录规划

mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,binlogs,log,etc,run}
ln -s /data/mysql/data    /usr/local/mysql/data
ln -s /data/mysql/binlogs    /usr/local/mysql/binlogs
ln -s /data/mysql/log    /usr/local/mysql/log
ln -s /data/mysql/etc    /usr/local/mysql/etc
ln -s /data/mysql/run    /usr/local/mysql/run
chown -R mysql.mysql     /data/mysql/
chown -R mysql.mysql     /usr/local/mysql/{data,binlogs,log,etc,run}

配置mysql

删除系统自带的my.cnf

 rm /etc/my.cnf -f

在/usr/local/mysql/etc/下创建my.cnf文件，加入如下参数，其他参数根据需要配置
该配置文件不适用于生产环境，仅用于实验

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/run/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user=mysql
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
socket = /usr/local/mysql/run/mysql.sock
pid_file = /usr/local/mysql/run/mysql.pid
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
report_host=mgr-3
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency=ON  #开启GTID
master_info_repository=TABLE  #mysql.slave_master_info,用于保存从库的IO线程连接主库的信息
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE  #relay日志写入mysql.slave_relay_log_info表中，Group Replication 插件对复制元数据具有一致的可恢复性和事务管理
relay_log_recovery=ON
binlog_format=ROW
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
max_allowed_packet = 512M
max_connections = 2048
open_files_limit = 65535
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
innodb_log_file_size = 2048M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
key_buffer_size = 64M
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/log/mysql_error.log
log-bin = /usr/local/mysql/binlogs/mysql-bin
log_bin_index = mysql-bin.index
relay-log=relay-bin
relay-log-index=relay-bin.index
log_slave_updates=1
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/log/mysql_slow_query.log
long_query_time = 5
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_size = 0
server-id=3

binlog_checksum = NONE
default_password_lifetime=0
binlog_cache_size = 2M
innodb_open_files = 4096
table_definition_cache = 4096
table_open_cache_instances = 128
thread_cache_size = 64
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size=100M

plugin-load='group_replication.so' #加载群复制插件
transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64 #识与事务关联的写入的哈希的算法设置 XXHASH64为以避免不必要的哈希冲突，从而导致认证失败和用户事务回滚
loose-group_replication_group_name       = "3320c37a-58ad-47fb-84bd-253fc05cccc3" #组复制的名称
......
......
......
loose-group_replication_group_seeds  = 10.211.55.122:33061,10.211.55.123:33061,10.211.55.124:33061  # 组中成员访问表
loose-group_replication_ip_whitelist = '127.0.0.1/8, 10.211.55.0/24'
loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode = off
loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks = on
loose-group_replication_flow_control_certifier_threshold=250000
loose-group_replication_flow_control_applier_threshold=250000

为了确保命令行能正常使用，我们需要将配置文件软链到默认位置

 ln -s /data/mysql/etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf

设置开机启动项

首先让systemd能管理mysql
在/usr/lib/systemd/system创建mysqld.service文件。

# Copyright (c) 2015, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
#
# systemd service file for MySQL forking server
#
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/run/mysqld.pid
# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.
TimeoutSec=0
# Execute pre and post scripts as root
PermissionsStartOnly=true
# Needed to create system tables
#ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd
# Start main service
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/run/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
# Use this to switch malloc implementation
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
# Sets open_files_limit
LimitNOFILE = 65535
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp=false

启用开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable mysqld.service
systemctl is-enabled mysqld

初始化数据库

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

在日志文件里会提示一个临时密码，记录这个密码

grep 'temporary password' /usr/local/mysql/log/mysql_error.log

2023-07-04T03:54:43.499513Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: d3Es;z038tAj

生成SSL

mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

启动MYSQL

systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl status mysqld.service
netstat -lntp|grep mysqld

保护初始 MySQL 帐户

[root@mysql-mgr-1 opt]# mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: 

The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: n
Using existing password for root.
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n

 ... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.

All done!

填充时区表

导入时区信息

mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/share/zoneinfo | mysql -u root -pAbc123 mysql

测试

[root@mgr-1 ~]# mysqladmin version -uroot -p'Abc123'
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.7.30, for linux-glibc2.12 on x86_64
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Server version      5.7.30-log
Protocol version    10
Connection      Localhost via UNIX socket
UNIX socket     /usr/local/mysql/run/mysql.sock
Uptime:         13 min 6 sec

Threads: 1  Questions: 8765  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 122  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 43  Queries per second avg: 11.151

配置日志自动轮转

cat  >> .my.cnf << EOF
[mysqladmin]
password = Abc123
user= root
EOF

chmod 600 .my.cnf

修改配置文件

cat  > /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-log-rotate <<EOF
# The log file name and location can be set in
# /etc/my.cnf by setting the "log-error" option
# in either [mysqld] or [mysqld_safe] section as
# follows:
#
# [mysqld]
# log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.log
#
# In case the root user has a password, then you
# have to create a /root/.my.cnf configuration file
# with the following content:
#
# [mysqladmin]
# password = <secret> 
# user= root
#
# where "<secret>" is the password. 
#
# ATTENTION: The /root/.my.cnf file should be readable
# _ONLY_ by root !

/usr/local/mysql/log/mysql_error.log {
        # create 600 mysql mysql
        notifempty
        daily
        rotate 52
        missingok
        compress
    postrotate
    # just if mysqld is really running
    if test -x /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin && \
       /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin ping &>/dev/null
    then
       /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin flush-logs
    fi
    endscript
}
EOF

复制配置到日志轮转

cp  /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql-log-rotate /etc/logrotate.d/
chmod 644 /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-log-rotate

测试日志轮转

/usr/sbin/logrotate -fv /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-log-rotate

至此安装结束，下面开始配置MGR

配置MGR多主集群

设置复制账号（所有节点执行）：

# 1、为避免创建用户产生binlog先提前将其关闭
# 2、创建用户
# 3、授权用户
# 4、生效配置
# 5、打开binlog
SET SQL_LOG_BIN=0;
CREATE USER rpl_user@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Abc123';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO rpl_user@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
SET SQL_LOG_BIN=1;
......
......

在任意节点创建MGR组

SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group = ON;
START GROUP_REPLICATION;
SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group = OFF;

检查集群状态

SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;

其他节点加入组即可 加入组复制报错处理

SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=OFF;
START GROUP_REPLICATION;

集群状态